What is Medial Patellar Luxation (MPL) and Should You Seek Treatment?
What is Medial Patellar Luxation (MPL) Luxation?
Medial Patellar Luxation (MPL) is a developmental condition in dogs where the kneecap (patella) dislocates from its normal position. It is a common orthopedic issue, particularly in toy and small breed dogs like Malteses, Terriers, Toy Poodles, Pomeranians, and Japanese Spitzes.
Signs & Symptoms
Lameness in dogs with MPL is often intermittent; you may notice your pet skipping a step or running on three legs before returning to normal. Over 50% of dogs have both knees affected, which can cause bunny hopping, a bow-legged stance, or reluctance to play or walk. Lameness may appear as early as a few months old.
How severe is the condition?
The function of the kneecap is to allow for extension of the knee joint. A normal kneecap should not dislocate. When the kneecap dislocates, this can cause severe pain and lameness. There are 4 grades of patellar luxation. The higher the grade, the more severe the condition: Grade 1: The kneecap can be manually dislocated, but pops back into its normal location as soon as pressure is released. Grade 2: The kneecap intermittently dislocates, and is able to pop back in. Skipping lameness is usually seen. Grade 3: The kneecap is dislocated most of the time, but is able to pop back in. Skipping lameness is seen. Grade 4: The kneecap is permanently dislocated, and is unable to be manually placed back into its normal position. Lameness is persistent.
Does my pet need surgery?
Surgery is recommended for Grades 2, 3, and 4 of MPL. Surgery is routine for Grades 2 and 3, while Grade 4 cases are severe and require early, more aggressive treatment. The goals of surgery are to: Realign the kneecap mechanism Allow smooth knee extension Eliminate pain and lameness Preserve joint health Prevent or reduce arthritis progression Lower risk of other ligament injuries
Does MPL cause long term issues if not treated?
The prognosis is excellent if surgery is performed before arthritis develops, with pets regaining full use of the limb. Left untreated, each time the kneecap dislocates, it rubs against the joint, straining soft tissues and eroding cartilage, which leads to arthritis and persistent pain over time. For this reason, while not urgent, surgical correction is recommended as early as possible to prevent long-term damage.
Why Choose Westside for Your Pet's Treatment & Care?
Board-certified specialist surgery you can trust, delivered by an independent, compassionate team providing 24/7 comprehensive care
Dr Derniese Goh
BSc, DVM, MANZCVS (Small Animal Surgery), FANZCVS (Small Animal Surgery)
Board Certified Specialist Small Animal Surgeon
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Rest assured that your pet is in expert hands, with care provided a board-certified specialist surgeon (Fellow of the Australian and New Zealand College of Veterinary Scientists), supported by a highly skilled and compassionate team.
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As a registered veterinary hospital in Singapore, we offer state-of-the-art facilities, including ICU, CT, ultrasound, and advanced surgical theatres—delivering 24/7 comprehensive care for both routine and complex cases.
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Our evidence-based, tailored surgical solutions and streamlined referral process help transform patient outcomes while minimising stress for referring vets, pet owners, and pets alike.
1. Call Our 24/7 Hotline
6931 0095
Please reach out to discuss your pet’s condition and, if needed, schedule diagnostic tests and a consultation.
2. Specialist Surgical Consultation
Our Surgical Specialist will assess your pet’s condition, explain the recommended procedure, why it’s needed, and the expected outcomes.
3. Surgical Procedure & 24/7 After-Care
Nurses & Surgeon track every vital throughout surgery, tailor the after-care plan, and our 24-hour critical-care team offers continuous support after surgery.
3 Simple Steps to Care
You and your pet will receive immediate assistance as needed.
Contact Us
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#86 Serangoon Garden Way
Singapore 555982
Phone: 6931 0095
It is highly encouraged to call prior to visiting the clinic so the team can be better prepared for your pet's arrival.
